Indonesia CO₂ Emissions
Indonesia emitted 812 million tonnes of CO₂ in 2024, 2.1% of the global total. That ranks it 6th of 213 countries and territories and works out at 2.87 tonnes per person.
Data year 2024 · Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) via Our World in Data
How much CO₂ does Indonesia emit?
Indonesia produced 812 million tonnes of carbon dioxide from fossil fuels and industry in 2024. The world total was 38.6 billion tonnes, so Indonesia accounts for 2.1% of it.
With a population of about 283 million, that is 2.87 tonnes per person, 39% below the world average of 4.73 tonnes.
CO₂ emissions in Indonesia since 1990
Annual emissions in Indonesia have risen by 424% since 1990, from 155 million tonnes to 812 million tonnes. Over the last ten years, from 2014 to 2024, they have risen by 63%. 2024 is the highest year on record.
Where the CO₂ comes from
Coal is the largest source of CO₂ in Indonesia, at about 54% of the total, followed by oil at 30% and gas at 12%.
How Indonesia compares with other countries
These are the countries closest to Indonesia in the 2024 ranking by total emissions. See the full ranking of all 213 countries.
| # | Country | Total (Mt) | Share of world | Per person (t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | Russia | 1,780.52 | 4.61% | 12.29 |
| 5 | Japan | 961.87 | 2.49% | 7.77 |
| 6 | Indonesia | 812.22 | 2.10% | 2.87 |
| 7 | Iran | 792.63 | 2.05% | 8.66 |
| 8 | Saudi Arabia | 692.13 | 1.79% | 20.38 |
Historical emissions
Carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for a long time, so past emissions matter as well as current ones. Since records began, Indonesia has emitted about 17.4 billion tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry. That is 0.94% of the cumulative global total, compared with 2.1% of emissions in 2024.
Frequently asked questions
How much CO₂ does Indonesia emit per year?
Indonesia emitted 812 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024. That is 2.1% of global emissions.
What are the CO₂ emissions per person in Indonesia?
About 2.87 tonnes of CO₂ per person in 2024, which is 39% below the world average of 4.73 tonnes.
Are CO₂ emissions in Indonesia rising or falling?
They have risen by 63% over the last ten years and risen by 424% since 1990. 2024 is the highest year on record.
What is the largest source of CO₂ in Indonesia?
Coal is the largest source, responsible for about 54% of emissions from fossil fuels and industry, followed by oil at 30%.
About the data. Figures are annual carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels and from industry, such as cement production. They are counted where the emissions happen and do not include land-use change, other greenhouse gases, or emissions from imported goods.
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025), processed by Our World in Data and used under the CC BY 4.0 licence. Latest year available: 2024.
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