Eswatini CO₂ Emissions
Eswatini emitted 1.0 million tonnes of CO₂ in 2024, less than 0.01% of the global total. That ranks it 166th of 213 countries and territories and works out at 0.84 tonnes per person.
Data year 2024 · Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) via Our World in Data
How much CO₂ does Eswatini emit?
Eswatini produced 1.0 million tonnes of carbon dioxide from fossil fuels and industry in 2024. The world total was 38.6 billion tonnes, so Eswatini accounts for less than 0.01% of it.
With a population of about 1.2 million, that is 0.84 tonnes per person, 82% below the world average of 4.73 tonnes.
CO₂ emissions in Eswatini since 1990
Annual emissions in Eswatini have risen by 9% since 1990, from 960 thousand tonnes to 1.0 million tonnes. Over the last ten years, from 2014 to 2024, they have risen by 37%. Emissions peaked in 2013 at 1.3 million tonnes and are now 21% below that level.
Where the CO₂ comes from
Oil is the largest source of CO₂ in Eswatini, at about 83% of the total, followed by coal at 17%.
How Eswatini compares with other countries
These are the countries closest to Eswatini in the 2024 ranking by total emissions. See the full ranking of all 213 countries.
| # | Country | Total (Mt) | Share of world | Per person (t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 164 | Somalia | 1.32 | <0.01% | 0.07 |
| 165 | Macao | 1.06 | <0.01% | 1.47 |
| 166 | Eswatini | 1.05 | <0.01% | 0.84 |
| 167 | French Polynesia | 0.92 | <0.01% | 3.27 |
| 168 | Aruba | 0.92 | <0.01% | 8.52 |
Historical emissions
Carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for a long time, so past emissions matter as well as current ones. Since records began, Eswatini has emitted about 45 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry. That is less than 0.01% of the cumulative global total, compared with less than 0.01% of emissions in 2024.
Frequently asked questions
How much CO₂ does Eswatini emit per year?
Eswatini emitted 1.0 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024. That is less than 0.01% of global emissions.
What are the CO₂ emissions per person in Eswatini?
About 0.84 tonnes of CO₂ per person in 2024, which is 82% below the world average of 4.73 tonnes.
Are CO₂ emissions in Eswatini rising or falling?
They have risen by 37% over the last ten years and risen by 9% since 1990. Emissions peaked in 2013 at 1.3 million tonnes and are now 21% below that level.
What is the largest source of CO₂ in Eswatini?
Oil is the largest source, responsible for about 83% of emissions from fossil fuels and industry, followed by coal at 17%.
About the data. Figures are annual carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels and from industry, such as cement production. They are counted where the emissions happen and do not include land-use change, other greenhouse gases, or emissions from imported goods.
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025), processed by Our World in Data and used under the CC BY 4.0 licence. Latest year available: 2024.
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