Estonia CO₂ Emissions
Estonia emitted 8.3 million tonnes of CO₂ in 2024, 0.02% of the global total. That ranks it 118th of 213 countries and territories and works out at 6.11 tonnes per person.
Data year 2024 · Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) via Our World in Data
How much CO₂ does Estonia emit?
Estonia produced 8.3 million tonnes of carbon dioxide from fossil fuels and industry in 2024. The world total was 38.6 billion tonnes, so Estonia accounts for 0.02% of it.
With a population of about 1.4 million, that is 6.11 tonnes per person, 1.3 times the world average of 4.73 tonnes.
CO₂ emissions in Estonia since 1990
Annual emissions in Estonia have fallen by 77% since 1990, from 37 million tonnes to 8.3 million tonnes. Over the last ten years, from 2014 to 2024, they have fallen by 56%. Emissions peaked in 1989 at 39 million tonnes and are now 79% below that level.
Where the CO₂ comes from
Coal is the largest source of CO₂ in Estonia, at about 55% of the total, followed by oil at 37% and gas at 8%.
How Estonia compares with other countries
These are the countries closest to Estonia in the 2024 ranking by total emissions. See the full ranking of all 213 countries.
| # | Country | Total (Mt) | Share of world | Per person (t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 116 | Jamaica | 8.40 | 0.02% | 2.96 |
| 117 | Papua New Guinea | 8.35 | 0.02% | 0.79 |
| 118 | Estonia | 8.31 | 0.02% | 6.11 |
| 119 | Uruguay | 7.97 | 0.02% | 2.35 |
| 120 | Paraguay | 7.94 | 0.02% | 1.15 |
Historical emissions
Carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for a long time, so past emissions matter as well as current ones. Since records began, Estonia has emitted about 1.7 billion tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry. That is 0.09% of the cumulative global total, compared with 0.02% of emissions in 2024.
Frequently asked questions
How much CO₂ does Estonia emit per year?
Estonia emitted 8.3 million tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024. That is 0.02% of global emissions.
What are the CO₂ emissions per person in Estonia?
About 6.11 tonnes of CO₂ per person in 2024, which is 1.3 times the world average of 4.73 tonnes.
Are CO₂ emissions in Estonia rising or falling?
They have fallen by 56% over the last ten years and fallen by 77% since 1990. Emissions peaked in 1989 at 39 million tonnes and are now 79% below that level.
What is the largest source of CO₂ in Estonia?
Coal is the largest source, responsible for about 55% of emissions from fossil fuels and industry, followed by oil at 37%.
About the data. Figures are annual carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels and from industry, such as cement production. They are counted where the emissions happen and do not include land-use change, other greenhouse gases, or emissions from imported goods.
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025), processed by Our World in Data and used under the CC BY 4.0 licence. Latest year available: 2024.
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